The US Food and Drug Administration issued a consumer warning on Monday over skin-lightening creams found to contain mercury and lead, following laboratory testing of illegally imported products. The agency advised buyers to stop using the affected creams immediately and to dispose of them safely.

The warning followed FDA testing that detected mercury and lead in fairness creams manufactured in Pakistan and sold through informal retail channels and online marketplaces. These products are not authorised for sale in the United States and violate federal cosmetic safety standards.

Mercury in skin-lightening products can damage the kidneys and nervous system, and can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled from vapours. The agency noted that mercury poses particular risks to pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers and young children in the same household.

The FDA said it was coordinating with US Customs and Border Protection to intercept further shipments and had contacted online platforms to remove listings. The agency encouraged consumers and health professionals to report adverse reactions through its MedWatch programme.

Dermatologists have long cautioned against unregulated whitening products, which are popular in parts of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. The World Health Organization has previously identified mercury-containing skin creams as a persistent source of chemical exposure worldwide.