Researchers studying the varicella-zoster virus have warned that the pathogen behind shingles can inflict lasting damage on nerves and the brain, strengthening the case for wider vaccination among older adults. The findings build on data published in recent days highlighting persistent neurological harm.

Varicella-zoster, which causes both chickenpox and herpes zoster, lies dormant in nerve tissue after initial infection and can reactivate decades later. The new analysis indicated that the resulting inflammation may contribute to chronic pain and elevated dementia risk long after a rash subsides.

Investigators said the damage extends beyond the acute episode many patients experience. The research aligns with prior population studies, including work tied to the rollout of GSK's Shingrix vaccine, that have associated shingles vaccination with reduced rates of cognitive decline.

Advocates for older-adult immunisation have urged the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and counterparts in the United Kingdom to reinforce uptake among those over 50. Public health specialists said the neurological findings could sharpen messaging during summer vaccination campaigns.

Many older adults remain unvaccinated against shingles despite eligibility, citing cost, awareness gaps and limited access through primary care. "The evidence increasingly points to long-term brain and nerve consequences from this virus, and that should change how seriously we treat prevention," a researcher involved in the work said, calling for broader vaccine access.